Introduction: The PREVIEW lifestyle intervention study is a 3-y randomised controlled trial for prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) involving 8 sites in Europe, Australia and New Zealand and funded by the EU-FP7 program (No: 312057 FP7-KBBE-2012) and NH&MRC (Australia). This analysis aimed to identify the main barriers to recruitment of overweight/obese individuals with pre-diabetes in Sydney.
Methods: Various promotional methods were used to recruit potential participants. Those interested were contacted for a pre-screening interview and assessed against the eligibility criteria. The AUSDRISK and FINDRISK scores were used to assess an individual’s risk of developing T2D. Eligible participants were aged 25-70 years, overweight (BMI >25 kg/m2) and diagnosed with pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance evaluated during screening with 2 hours oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT).
Results: 3,108 individuals completed the pre-screening interview. Of these, 2,469 were found not eligible for further screening (OGTT). The primary reasons for exclusion at pre-screening were loss of interest (n=981, 40%), geographic location (n=406, 16%), medication (n=265, 11%), low diabetes risk scores (n=265, 11%) and age (n=125, 5%). A high number of potential participants (n=203) were excluded because they were taking oral hypoglyceamic agents (e.g. metformin).
The remaining 595 individuals were screened by OGTT, of which 195 (33%) were diagnosed with pre-diabetes and were eligible to participate. Of the remainder, 42 (7%) met the criteria for T2D, 348 (58%) had normal glucose status, and 2% were excluded for other reasons.
Conclusion: Study investigators faced many problems in their efforts to recruit people with pre-diabetes. In PREVIEW Australia, only 6% of 3108 people who responded to advertising, were eligible to participate.